ImportName,InvadersRealm APUSH Repayment 3
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#note:APUSH Ch3 A,APUSH/Chapter 3,A.P. U.S. History Transcript
Repayment 3: "Settling the Northern Colonies"
The Protestant Reformation Produces Puritanism
Beginnings
In 1517, Martin Luther nailed his 95 Theses to the admission of the Wittenberg minster.
He ignited the Protestant Reformation.
John Calvin preached Calvinism
Honest doctrines were confirmed in the 1536 document entitled Institutes of the Christian Religion.
Declared that all humans were thin and corrupt.
Slightly the predestined might go to heaven, no specialty what.
Calvinists were standard to seek "conversions," signs that they were one of the predestined, and afterwards, lead "sacred lives."
In England, King Henry VIII was infringement his ties with the Saintly Roman Catholic House of worship in the 1530s.
Dependable people, called Puritans, were positive to entirely alter the Christian care.
Puritans
All understood that plainly "appreciable saints" call for be admitted to church chipping in.
Separatists vowed to break on show from the House of worship of England at the same time as the "saints" would assemble to sit with the "damned."
King James I, pioneer of the beheaded Charles I, harassed the Separatists out of England at the same time as he consideration that if people might challenge him as their spiritual pacemaker, they influence challenge him as their political regulator.
The Pilgrims End Their Pilgrimage at Plymouth
The Journey
The Separatists that passed on were from Holland, somewhere they had fled to after they had passed on England.
They were loving that their children were accomplishment to "Dutchified."
They sought after a place somewhere they were free to admiration their own religion and might be present and die as good Puritans.
On one occasion negotiating with the Virginia Celebrate, the Separatists passed on Holland and sailed for 65 days at sea on the Mayflower until they indoors off the gritty seashore of New England in 1620, a trip in which plainly one participate died and one participate was untutored.
Beneath than part of the pilgrims on the Mayflower were actually Separatists.
Back to myth, the Pilgrims undertook a few surveys formerly deciding to plaza at Plymouth, an arm far from Virginia.
The Pilgrims became squatters, people apart from fair collect to land and apart from solo determination to open place testify.
Head Myles Standish (a.k.a. Head Shrimp) proved to be a intense Indian competitor and representative.
Before disembarking from ship, the Pilgrims signed the Mayflower Take, a set of language by which to point.
Still it wasn't a concerto, it did set the keep for succeeding constitutions.
In the winter of 1620-21, plainly 44 of the 102 survived.
1621 brought benevolent harvests, even though, and the first Decency was distinguished that go out with.
William Bradford, choose by ballot proprietor of Plymouth 30 times in the annual report elections, was a intense pacemaker, and helped Plymouth to keep your head above water and interest fur, associate, and march.
In 1691, Plymouth at the end multiple with the Massachusetts Bay Say-so.
The Bay Say-so Bible Commonwealth
Settling In
In 1629, some non-Separatist Puritans got a municipal let from England to plaza in the New Design. Furtively, they took the let with them and succeeding used it as a type of concerto.
It was a well-equipped group of which about 11,000 people came to Massachusetts.
John Winthrop was unrestricted proprietor or ambassador proprietor for 19 soul, allocate Massachusetts prosper in fur trading, fishing, and shipbuilding.
#note:APUSH Ch3 B,APUSH/Chapter 3,A.P. U.S. History Transcript
Repayment 3: "Settling the Northern Colonies"
Construction the Bay Say-so
Ceremonial
In a moment after the conception of the community, the franchise was extended to all "freemen:" great males who belonged to the Puritan congregations (succeeding called the Congregational church), making people who might tang the franchise about two fifths of the complete terrain.
Unchurched men and women weren't formal in.
The conventional testify was not a state.
Bureaucrat Winthrop feared and distrusted the mutual people, calling state the "meanest and fundamental" of all forms of testify.
Devoted leaders wielded powerful please higher than the read to church chipping in.
John Cotton, a legendary clergy chunk, was informed at Cambridge and had immigrated to Massachusetts to leak persecution fro his ache of the House of worship of England.
Still, congregations might reserve and fire their ministers at ghost.
Conversely, acquaint with were laws to limit Earthly pleasures, such as a fine of twenty shillings for couples wedged kissing in state.
The Puritan point of Hell was very difficult and scary.
Michael Wigglesworth's "Day of Fate," written in 1662, sold one map out for every twenty people.
Devour in the Bible Commonwealth
Military protection
Tensions arose in Massachusetts.
Quakers were fined, flogged, and/or banished.
Anne Hutchinson was a very tangy, steadfast, voluble organism who claimed that a holy life was no final sign of deliverance and that the narrowly saved fancy not bother to point the law of either God or man.
Brought to trial in 1638, Anne boasted that her beliefs were directly from God.
She was banished from the community and in due course made her way to Rhode Island.
She died in New York after an go by Indians.
Roger Williams was a strong airhead hounded his guy clergymen to make a clean and fully break with the House of worship of England.
He went on to disown that considerate testify might and call for reveal fervent actions.
He was banished in 1635, and flew to the Rhode Island arm the bordering go out with.
The Rhode Island "Sewer"
Land of the Outcasts
People who went to Rhode Island weren't vitally similar; they were aptly trash somewhere to boot.
They were adjoining special perquisite.
"Small Rhody" was succeeding time-honored as "the traditional home of the facing minded."
It at the end defensible a let in 1644.
New England Spreads Out
Aristocratic Settling
In 1635, Hartford, Connecticut was founded.
Holy man Thomas Hooker led an energetic group of Puritans west.
In 1639, settlers of the new Connecticut Channel community drafted in open converse a trailblazing document called the Original Remit.
It was mainly a modern concerto.
In 1638, New Waterfront was founded and in due course multiple dressed in Connecticut.
In 1623, Maine was pensive by Massachusetts and remained so for adjoining a century and a part.
In 1641, the granite-ribbed New Hampshire was pensive dressed in Massachusetts.
In 1679, the king split the two and made New Hampshire a municipal community.
#note:APUSH Ch3 C,APUSH/Chapter 3,A.P. U.S. History Transcript
Repayment 3: "Settling the Northern Colonies"
Puritans vs. Indians
Harm
Before the Puritans had indoors in 1620, an endemic had swept floor the Indians, shooting higher than three company of them.
At first, Indians tried to befriend the Whites.
Squanto, a Wampanoag, helped sponsor relative union.
In 1637, even though, after increasing tensions exploded, English settlers and the powerful Pequot clique fought in the Pequot War, in which the English set fire to a Pequot area on Connecticut's Diviner Channel, annihilating the Indians and bringing about forty soul of inexact union.
In an venture to care for face, the Puritans did try to chance some of the Indians, even though with less zeal than that of the Spanish and French.
IN 1675, Metacom (called King Philip by the English) location reach Indians in a last-ditched go that ruined.
The King Philip's War slowed colonial western experiment, but Metacom was beheaded and quartered and his ruler was marooned on a pointed mountaintop for all to see, his husband and son sold to slavery.
Seeds of Colonial Relationship and Fairness
A Bit of Relationship Unacceptable
In 1643, four colonies lined together to form the New England League.
It was all but all Puritan.
It was thin, but at rest a shape historic just before American unity.
The colonies were mainly formal to be semiautonomous commonwealths.
On one occasion Charles II was restored to the British throne, he hoped to dike his colonies high-class hardheartedly, but was stunned to find how far off his pithy were overlooked by Massachusetts.
As good quality, a sea-to-sea let was utter to rival Connecticut (1662), and a let was utter to Rhode Island (1663).
In due course, in 1684, Massachusetts' let was revoked.
Andros Promotes the First American Renewal
Warning to England Grows
In 1686, the Order of New England was fashioned to help the colonial holder adjoining Indians and tying the colonies nearer to Britain by enforcing the detested Navigation Acts.
The acts forbade American interest with countries other than Britain.
As a outcome, smuggling became mutual.
Team leader of the Order was Sir Edmund Andros.
Establishing HQ in Boston, he geographically showed his sort with the nationally detested House of worship of England.
His host were vile-mouthed.
Andros responded to opposition by reduction municipal meetings, restricting the magistrates and the power, and revoking all land titles.
He taxed the people apart from their give in.
At the exact time, the people of England theatrical the Proud Renewal, instating William and Mary to the covering.
Reply, the Order of New England bent.
Massachusetts got a new let in 1691, but this let formal all landowners to state, as foul to the other law of appointment belonging plainly to the church members.
Old Netherlanders at New Netherland
The Small Guys Gain Order
In the 17th Century, the Netherlands revolted adjoining Spain, and with help of Britain, gained their lack of prejudice.
The Dutch East India Celebrate was program, with an military of 10,000 men and a speedy of 190 ships (among 40 men-of-war).
The Dutch West India Celebrate commonly raided reasonably than traded.
In 1609, Henry Hudson ventured dressed in Delaware and New York Bay and claimed the arm for the Netherlands.
It was the Dutch West India Celebrate that bought Manhattan Island for some spineless charms (22,000 acres of the most key land in the world today).
New Amsterdam was a bureau municipal, run by and for the Dutch bureau and in the interests of stockholders.
The Dutch gave patroonships (terrific areas of land) to promoters who okay to plaza at least 50 people on them.
New Amsterdam involved people of all types and races.
One French Jesuit promoter counted 18 unorthodox languages existence vocal on the road.
#note:APUSH Ch3 D,APUSH/Chapter 3,A.P. U.S. History Transcript
Repayment 3: "Settling the Northern Colonies"
Dutch Residues in New York
The Dutch Get Designated Off the Island
In 1664, Charles II fixed the arm of modern-day New York to his brother, the Duke of York, and that go out with, British troops landed and vanquished the Dutch, kicking them out, apart from far off belligerence.
New Amsterdam was renamed New York.
The Dutch Inheritance
The people of New York retained their authoritarian spirit.
Dutch names of cities remained, picture Harlem, Brooklyn, and Hell Opening.
Expected their architecture passed on its score on buildings.
The Dutch alike gave us Easter seed, Santa Claus, waffles, sauerkraut, bowling, sleighing, skating, and golf.
Penn's Saintly March in Pennsylvania
William Penn and the Quakers
The Quakers (self)
They "quaked" under full of meaning fervent atmosphere.
They were naughty to fervent and considerate point.
They addressed anybody with simple "thee"s and "thou"s and didn't demonstrate oaths at the same time as Jesus had assumed "Verbal abuse not at all," this second part creating a misfortune, for the reason that you had to demonstrate a test undertake to start that you weren't Roman Catholic.
Still intractable and bizarre, they were simple, wholehearted, open people adjoining war and belligerence.
William Penn, a well-born Englishman, embraced the Quaker care.
In 1681, he managed to rap an unusual support of dripping land from the land.
It was called Pennsylvania, in nickname of Penn, who, existence the understated participate that he was, had insisted that it be called Sylvania.
It was the best advertised of all the colonies.
Quaker Pennsylvania and Its Neighbors
Penn Settles
Thousands of squatters more willingly than lived in Pennsylvania.
Philadelphia was high-class with care on purpose than most cities, with charming, lofty streets.
Penn bought land from the Indians, picture Self-important Tammany, succeeding contributor saint of New York's political Tammany Passage.
His mind of the Indians was so unresponsive that Quakers might transfer floor Indian game reserve unprotected apart from alarm of existence nip.
Still, as high-class and high-class non-Quakers came to Pennsylvania, they persecuted the Indians high-class and high-class.
Space of admiration was barred to anybody fasten for Jews and Catholics (plainly at the same time as of bullying from London), and the death pay was plainly for eliminate and subversion.
No confines were located on migration, and naturalization was made easy.
The Quakers alike mature a loathing just before slavery.
Pennsylvania involved a intense stylishness of people from all races, class, and religion.
By 1700, plainly Virginia was high-class populous and richer.
Penn, critically, was not all the rage at the same time as of his appeal towards James II, the deposed Catholic king, and he was incarcerated at times, and alike suffered a paralytic contour, dying full of sorrows.
New Pullover and Delaware prospered as well.
The Heart Way in the Heart Colonies
New York, New Pullover, Delaware, and Pennsylvania
All had dripping defile and end slip of land.
All fasten for Delaware exported lots of small piece.
The Susquehanna Channel tapped the fur interest of the medium, and the rivers were unresponsive, with minute cascading waterfalls.
The equidistant colonies were the equidistant way surrounded by New England and the southern plantation states.
Landholdings were more often than not medium in scale.
The equidistant colonies were high-class racially tainted than other colonies.
A adult table of fiscal and extroverted state prevailed.
Benjamin Franklin, untutored in Boston, entered Philadelphia as a seventeen-year-old in 1720 with a lie of bucks under each arm and short-lived found a lenient home in the refined, open hunch of the built-up.
Americans began to acquire that not plainly were they in existence, but that they were alike thriving.
#note:APUSH Ch3 E,APUSH/Chapter 3,A.P. U.S. History Transcript
Repayment 3: "Settling the Northern Colonies"
Makers of America: The English
In the 1600s, England was undergoing a precipitous terrain roar.
About 75% of English immigrants were indentured servants.
Maximum of them were lime men from the "middling classes."
Dependable had fled concerning the cloth interest stretch in the babyish 1600s like others had been annoyed off their land due to administrate.
Dependable 40% of indentured servants died formerly their seven soul were higher than.
Dead in the 17th Century, as the supply of indentured servants listlessly ran out, the southerners set to Black Slaves.
From 1629 to 1642, 11,000 Puritans swarmed to the Massachusetts Bay Say-so.
In put next to to the indentured servants, Puritans migrated in coat groups, not solitary.
Puritans brought the way of life from England with them to America.
i.e. Marblehead, Substance. had primarily fishermen at the same time as most of the immigrants had been fisherman in England.
i.e. Rowley, Substance. brought from Yorkshire, England their creature way of life.
In Ipswich, Massachusetts, established by East Anglian Puritans, the rulers had ache provisions and ruled with an charming hand.
Still, in Newbury, people rarely won reelection.
